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Photo: Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0 (May be cropped or resized)
Lanius schach
Range
Widely across Asia, on the mainland and eastern archipelagos
The long-tailed shrike, or rufous-backed shrike, is widely distributed across Asia, with variation in plumage across its range. Despite the differences between the nine subspecies, all have a long, narrow black tail, a black mask and forehead, a rufous rump and flanks and a small white patch on the shoulder. The eastern or Himalayan subspecies tricolor is sometimes called the black-headed shrike (Wikipedia, general species account).
It forms a superspecies with the grey-backed shrike of the Tibetan Plateau. The species name imitates its call, and the genus name is Latin for butcher (Wikipedia, general species account).